This study will measure the effects of infrastructure and non-infrastructure Safe Routes to School (SRTS) interventions on the proportion of elementary and middle school students walking and biking to school and on safety indicators in the District of Columbia, Florida, Oregon, Texas, and Washington.  Investigators will identify key institutional factors associated with effective and ineffective SRTS interventions in low-income and minority communities.  The project will also pilot test a proposed national evaluation framework for the SRTS program developed by the National Center for Safe Routes to School for the US Department of Transportation.  The results of this study will be useful to practitioners and researchers as they look for effective SRTS interventions.  Furthermore, this research will aid development of a comprehensive SRTS evaluation framework which will be implemented across the country.